Sanctions

Penalties such as trade bans, asset freezes or travel bans imposed by one or more countries on another country, group or person.

Also called sanctioneconomic sanctions

Why it matters

Sanctions are used to pressure governments without military action, with costs for both sides.

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An agreement between warring sides to stop fighting, temporarily or as a step toward a lasting peace deal.

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A military alliance of North American and European countries whose members agree to defend each other if one is attacked.

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A meeting of heads of state or government to discuss major issues and reach agreements.

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The way geography, resources and power shape relations and rivalries between countries.